Definitions Of Options

Definition:

Foreground and Background:
"Photographers and filmmakers can create drama and impact in their work through careful consideration of the relationship between foreground and background. Berenice Abbott paid careful attention to the spaces in between objects in the frame. Tony-Ray Jones' photographs often recorded activity taking place in the middle distance. In her photographs of interiors, Candida Hofer leads the viewers eye from the foreground to the background."

Foreground definition: The space at the front of a photograph (closest to you). 
Background definition: The space at the back of the image (farthest away). 
If I was to choose this as my theme for the exam I would like to focus 

Here are some examples of foreground and background photography:





Framing Devices:"Many photographers and filmmakers have used doorways, windows, arches and trees as framing devices when composing or structuring their images. Saul Leiter, John Szarkowski and Eugene Atget have made use of various framing devices to explore abstract qualities, to create mood or to suggest stories. "Framing devices definition:A framing device is a shape that surrounds the object of focus in images, thus framing it. Examples of framing devices:
This image is of a fox that is standing stock still and staring at the photographer. Only the fox and the storm flies that are closest to the fox are in focus. This effect is created by using low F-stop, which creates a shallow depth of field.  

Juxtaposition:

"Many photographers have exlored the creative opportunities of juxtaposition to provide comparison and emphasise contrast. Visual elements within phtographs or photographs themselves can be juxtaposed. Uta Barth and Frank Gohlke in his aftermath series, both present photographs in pairs. Henri Cartier-Bresson explored juxtaposition when composing his images."

Juxtaposition Definition:

the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

Angles and Grids:

"Photographers and filmmakers sometimes create images in which angles and grids are emphasised. Stephen Shore's observations of road junctions often include diagonals. Andreas Gursky has observed grids in the interiors and exteriors of buildings. Zeke Berman's diptychs use a combination of angles. "

Angles and grids are a means of framing and arranging the image before and after the photographs are taken. Here are some examples of  Angles and Grids in photography:

 

Objects in Spaces:

"Photographers and filmmakers have been inspired by the relationship between objects and the places in which they are found, kept and used. Walker Evans' studies of interiors, the still-life photography of Wright Morris and the tabletop arrangements of Andre Keretsz all depict items in specific locations." 

Objects in spaces is a very simple principle but can carry very powerful messages. Here are some examples of objects in spaces photography: